500g, Bao Ma Zi, Syringa reticulata, Tcm Herbal

Pinyin: Bào Mǎ Zǐ

Aliases: white lilac, bangbang wood, lotus lilac

Source: From "Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine"

The source of the medicinal material: the bark of the osmanthus plant.

Latin name of plant animal minerals: Syringa reticulata (Bl.) Hara var·a-murensis (Rupr.) Pringle [S.amurensis Rupr.; S.reticulata (Bl.) Hara var. Mandshurica (Maxim.) Hara]

Identification of chemical composition: This product is shallow groove or plate, slightly concave, varying in length, and 2-7mm thick. The outer surface is dark gray-brown, the tender skin is smooth, shiny, the old skin is rough, and there are tortoise cracks; the transverse lenticels are oval, light brown, the cork is thin and tough, can be peeled off horizontally, and the peeling part is light yellow to light yellow green, with a slight luster . The inner surface is light yellow to light yellow brown. The texture is brittle, easy to break, and the section is not neat. Slight fragrance, bitter taste.

Microscopic identification Cross-section of the skin: the thickness of the wooden pillars is different, the cork cells are spindle-shaped, long-spindle-shaped, mosaic-like arrangement, and the cell wall is bolted and micro-lignified. The cortex is slightly wider, accounting for 1/3 to 1/4 of the cross section, with scattered stone cells, irregular or branched stone cells, up to 225μm in length. The phloem is broad, with stone cells arranged in clusters or ribbons, round or elliptical, with thick walls, with obvious striae, grooves and wall holes, and small cell cavity; phloem rays are 1 to 2 rows of cells, Oil droplets can be seen in some parenchyma cells.

Powder characteristics: The skin powder is grayish yellow. Stone cells are scattered individually or in groups, with different sizes, like round, rectangular, fusiform, branched, etc., with a diameter of 60-255μm, with obvious stratification, pore grooves and wall grooves, small cell cavity, and a few Stone cells only see wall holes. Cork cells are yellow or yellow-brown, long spindle-shaped or spindle-shaped, and contain oil droplets. Phloem ray cells are round, often arranged in 2 rows; parenchyma cells are oblong and contain oil droplets.

Physical and chemical identification:

(1) Take 5g of coarse powder, put it in a conical flask, decoct it with 80ml of water for 30min, and filter. Concentrate the filtrate to about 10ml, cool, add 10ml ether, shake vigorously for 5min, draw 3ml ether solution, add 0.5ml 10% sodium hydroxide solution, shake, the water layer turns brown, after heating, the color becomes darker and brown red.

(2) Take 10g of the crude product, add appropriate amount of ethanol, warm it for several hours, filter, recover ethanol until no alcohol taste, add a small amount of water to dissolve the residue, adjust to pH 1-2 with 10% hydrochloric acid, and extract 3 with ethyl acetate Second, combine the extracts, wash with 5-10ml of water, dehydrate with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrate to dryness, and dissolve in ethanol.

For the following tests:

①Take 1ml of the filtrate, add 1-2 drops of ferric chloride ethanol solution, it appears green.

②Prepare the sample according to the above method and dilute it to a certain concentration, use ethanol as a blank, and measure it according to the spectrophotometric method "The People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia 1995 edition appendix). There is a maximum absorption peak at a wavelength of 282 ± 1nm.

Pharmacological effects:

1. Expectorant effect. Mice or rabbits are given by gavage or intraperitoneal injection of whole skin decoction has significant expectorant effect (phenol red method), the intensity of action is equivalent to the same dose of Platycodon grandiflorum, the effect will not be affected after the vagus nerve is cut off , A small amount of drugs directly administered from the trachea can also have an effect, so it may directly stimulate the respiratory tract and have an effect. For tracheal ciliary epithelial movement, it is inhibited. The effective ingredients of phlegm are acid phenols and flavonoids.

2. Anti-asthmatic effect The oral whole skin decoction of guinea pigs has obvious anti-asthmatic effect (histamine spray method). The effective ingredient for antiasthmatic is terpenoids. Mice administering a decoction of whole skin water close to the toxic amount still has no cough relieving effect (ammonia spray method). The neutral part of the ethanol extract of the bark has a cough effect.

3. Effects on experimental chronic bronchitis in rats. Oral 20g/kg extract for 20 days has no cough-reducing effect, but it can reduce the hypertrophy and proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells below grade III and increase the number of bronchial goblet cells at all levels Decrease, reduce the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of tracheal glands, and reduce the number of mucification of acini and ducts, but it has no obvious effect on chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.

4. Other 4.1. Antibacterial effect Whole skin and endothelial water decoction has moderate antibacterial effect on pneumococcus and influenza bacillus, while whole branch water decoction only slightly inhibits this. Muxin Decoction has no effect. The whole skin decoction has no effect on the phagocytic function of reticuloendothelial system and capillary permeability.

4.2. Toxicity The median lethal dose of mice by gavage or intraperitoneal injection of whole skin decoction is greater than 100g/kg and 10.18g/kg, respectively. A guinea pig gavage 20g/kg/day is equivalent to 20-40 times that of an adult) for 20 consecutive days, except that the weight gain is significantly inhibited, the electrocardiogram. liver function. There was no significant change in urine protein and visceral pathological biopsy. The whole skin decoction is irritating to the stomach, but ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts are not.

4.3. Antipyretic effect The water or acetone extract of the same plant Syringa vulgaris (Syringa vulgaris) can be taken orally or intraperitoneally injected into feverish rabbits and cats.

Identification: The bark contains scoparone (6,7-dimethoxy coumarin) [1], 3,4-dihydroxy-β-hydroxyethylbenzene (Β-hydroxyethyl-3, 4-dihydroxy benzene) [2], methylsyramuraldehydate [3].

Nature and flavor: bitter; pungent; slightly warm in nature

Return meridian: Lung meridian

Functions and indications: Xuanfei Huatan; relieve cough and relieve asthma; diuresis. Primary chronic bronchitis; asthma; cardiac edema

Usage and dosage Oral administration: decoction, 15-30g; or into pills or powder.

Compound:

① Treatment of phlegm, asthma and cough (chronic bronchitis, asthma): violent horse is one inch long, cut into strips, and drink frequently. ("Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine")

② Treatment of cardiac edema: one or two violent horses, chopped, decocted in water, and taken twice a day. ("Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine")

Various scholars discussed "Jilin Chinese Single Medicine": anti-inflammatory, antitussive, diuresis. Treat guilt, wheezing and coughing, and cardiac edema.

Clinical application in the treatment of chronic bronchitis: Experiments show that the endothelium has the strongest effect on the various parts of Baima Zi, followed by the whole skin, and Muxin has the worst. Therefore, the tender skin is mostly used clinically, and the dosage forms are granules, powders, syrups, pills, and extracts from the skin of violacea. In addition to single preparations, there are also compound preparations, but both have similar effects. The curative effect of simple chronic bronchitis is higher than that of wheezing type; the curative effect of expectorant and relieving cough is higher than that of relieving asthma. Although the antitussive effect of Baomazi is obvious, it is not as good as codeine. The expectorant effect is similar to that of the same dose of orange fairy. Preparation and usage.

1. Granules: Wash and decoct the bark of Paeonia sylvestris for 2 times, combine 2 times and concentrate the filtrate to form a paste, add powdered sugar and mix, make granules, and dry at about 60℃. 3g each time, 3 times a day. The daily amount is equivalent to 1 tael of bark.

2. Syrup: 3 taels of violent martin fragrant tender skin, 3 taels of green radish, add 300ml of water, fry into 60ml, add appropriate amount of sugar and serve. 30ml each time, 2 times a day, 10 days as a course of treatment.

3. Pills: 3 yuan per pill (including 5g of Martin Fragrant Skin Powder and 5g of Bee Po), 1 pill each time, 3 times a day, a course of 10 days.

4. Powder: Decoction of baomazi skin 3 times, 1 hour each time, concentrated spray drying to make a powder, 5 yuan per day (10 tael system), divided into 3 times for 20 days.

V. Extracts from the bark of violacea: Take 1.8g of extracts from the bark of violacea (in 5 coins (10 two systems), 0.6g each time, 3 times a day, after meals, 10 days as a course of treatment) Efficacy: 25 cases were treated in the granule group, 2 cases were controlled recently, 3 cases were markedly effective, 14 cases were improved, and 6 cases were ineffective: 256 cases were treated in the syrup group, 33 cases were cured recently, 79 cases were markedly effective, and 114 cases improved in 30 cases; 30 cases ineffective; pill group 275 cases were treated, 22 cases were cured recently, 61 cases were markedly effective, 122 cases were improved, and 70 cases were ineffective; 20 cases were observed in the extract group, 7 cases were cured recently, 4 cases were markedly effective, 7 cases were improved, and 2 cases were ineffective after 2 courses. Storm horse zest skin extract usually starts to take effect within 2-3 days, and the effect is obvious within 6 days, and the effect can reach a certain height after 10 days; if the treatment is continued after 10 days, the effective cases can continue to improve or tend to be cured, while the ineffective ones are still ineffective. Side effects: A few cases have dry mouth, stomach discomfort, and mild diarrhea after taking the medicine, which disappears after stopping the medicine.
Excerpt: "Chinese Materia Medica"

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Product basic attributes
Shelf Life:	365 days
Storage:	Dry storage, low temperature refrigeration
Organic or inorganic	organic

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