500g, Shi Hu,HERBA DENDROBII,Tcm Herbal

Pinyin: Shí Hú
Aliases: Lin Lan, Jin Sheng ("The Classic"), Duran, Shi Li ("Bie Lu"), Golden Hairpin Flower, Millennium Run ("Outline"), Yellow Grass ("Drug Production Discrimination"), Chlorophytum ("Chinese Medicine Plant Chronicles").
English name: HERBA DENDROBII, stem of Noble Dendrobium, stem of White Dendrobium, stem of Moniliform Dendrobium, stem of Doublelip Dendrobium, stem of Hooked Dendrobium, stem of Hancock Dendrobium, stem of Willson Dendrobium, stem of Loh

Source This product is orchid Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe., Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. var. oculatum Hook., Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall., Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl. or Dendrobium nobile Fresh or dried stems of Lindl. It can be harvested throughout the year. For fresh use, remove the roots and sediment; for dry use, remove impurities, scald or soften it with boiling water, and then rub and dry until the leaf sheaths are clean and dry. Dendrobium officinale cut off some fibrous roots, twisted into a spiral or spring shape while frying, and dried, commonly known as "earring Dendrobium".


Epiphytes on alpine rocks or tree trunks in forests. Distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, Guangxi, Taiwan and other places. In addition, it is cultivated everywhere.

②Dendrobium long claw

Similar to the previous species, the main difference is that the internodes of the stem of this species are bent or obviously thickened, so the whole shape is slightly beaded; the flowers are lavender.

Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan and other places.

③Dendrobium candidum, also known as: Huoshan Dendrobium.

Stems clustered, erect, 5-30 cm high, about 5 mm in diameter, cylindrical, slightly thin at the base, green and purple; multi-noded, internodes 1-2 cm long. The leaves are few, born on the upper part of the stem, sessile; the leaves are nearly ovate, ovate-oblong or nearly oblong, 5-7 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, and the apex is acute and oblique. , with leathery; leaf sheath membranous, close to internodes, gray, like unclean, dark gray after drying. The raceme is born on the upper node of the leafless stem, up to 6 cm long, with 2 to 5 flowers; the bracts are subulate, about 5 mm long; the flowers are yellowish green, straw yellow or light yellow, 3.5 to 4 cm in diameter Sepals 3, ca. 19 mm long, central sepals oblong-lanceolate, bilateral sepals oblong-triangular, base slightly forward and connected with stamens to form very short stamen heels; lateral petals oblong, with sepals A few equal lengths, the lip is oblong-ovate, about 15 mm long, about 9 mm wide, the apex is acute, the center has many purple or brown-purple spots, and both sides are rolled around the stamen; Even the foot is about 10 mm long; the stamens are ovate, white, quadrangular, and the pollen blocks are 4, slightly yellow. Capsule oblong, about 2.5 cm long, with three edges.

Distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.

④ Thin stem Dendrobium, also known as: copper skin Dendrobium, fine yellow grass.

Similar to Dendrobium officinale. Stems are 10-20 cm tall. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-4 cm long, 7-10 mm wide, with obtuse apex; leaf sheaths are not gray and unclean. Raceme with 2 to 4 flowers; flowers pale yellow-green, about 2 cm in diameter; central sepals linear-lanceolate, with slightly sickle-shaped sepals on both sides; lips yellow-green, with a brown spot in the center.

Distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places;

⑤Dendrobium dendrobii

Stems erect, 25-50 cm high. The internodes are 2.5-3.5 cm long; the leaf sheaths hug the internodes tightly, almost as long as the internodes. Raceme with 1 to 3 flowers, drooping; flowers lilac violet, 2 to 3 cm in diameter; sepals nearly ovate, a pair of lateral ones slightly narrower than the central one, and slightly sickle-shaped; petals oblong, lip The petals are shorter than the petals on both sides, the depression is short boat-shaped, the inner is pubescent, and the apex has a sharp tip; the pistil is very short, and the front is villous; the anthers are dark purple.

Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

⑥ Hooked Dendrobium

Stems erect, slender, up to 60 cm. Leaves alternate; sessile; linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 7-8 cm long, 15-20 mm wide, apex acuminate. The racemes are short, with 1 to 6 flowers; the flowers are white, 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter; the central sepals are ovate, 20 mm long and 6 mm wide, the apex is acute, the lateral pair is slightly oblique, and the stamens are short. Capsular; petals oblong, 18 mm long, apex acute, lip broadly ovate, 12 mm long, 3-lobed, acute and concave at apex; front of pylon is hairy; filaments are thin, anthers have papillae.

Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

⑦ Guangdong Dendrobium, also known as: Copper Pilan.

Stems erect, cylindrical, thin, 15-30 cm high. The leaves are linear oblong, 3 to 5 cm long, 8 to 12 mm wide, with obtuse or acute apex, and oblique concave. The flowers are white, turn yellow after opening, and are fragrant, about 7 cm in diameter, usually 1 to 2 flowers are born on the upper part of the stem; a central calyx oblong-lanceolate, and a pair of lateral sepals lanceolate; petals Ellipse-oblong, narrowly ovate lip, with bright green spots at base; stamens short; stamens nearly round, with papillae.

Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong and other places.

⑧ Dendrobium fine leaf

Stems are erect, slender, 15-30 cm high, 3-6 mm in diameter, about 2.5 cm long between nodes, and some nodes have tiny branches. Leaf petiole; linear, 4 to 8 cm long, 4 to 6 mm wide, apex obtuse, with oblique microconcavities. Racemes axillary, with 1 to 2 flowers; flowers yellow and drooping; bracts ovate; common pedicels 8 to 12 mm long; sepals and petals almost the same shape, oblong; Claws; stamens 4-4.5 mm high. Flowering in July.

Born in the mountains. Distributed in Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan and other places.

⑨ Luohe Dendrobium, also known as: small yellow grass.

Stems erect, cylindrical, thin bark, 25-27 cm high, 1.3-2.3 cm long between nodes. Leaf sheath is membranous, tubular, clasping; leaves are oblong, 3.5-6 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, and both ends are pointed. Flowers yellow, several solitary on the upper part of leafless stems; central sepals elliptic, two sepals obliquely elliptic; petals elliptic, labial obovate, 2 cm long and 1.7 cm wide when flattened, with fleshy papillae Protuberances with irregular serrations on the front edge; stamens 3.5 mm high and stamen feet 7 mm long. Flowering in June.

Epiphytes on rocks in valleys. Distributed in Guangxi.

⑩ Dendrobium candidum

The stem is cylindrical, 10-15 cm high, 5-7 mm in diameter, slightly thinner at the base. The leaves are sessile, oblong-lanceolate, 4-6 cm long and 1.2-1.8 cm wide. Flowers solitary; pale pink; bracts small; central sepals oblong-lanceolate, both sepals nearly cylindrical, stamens and sacs; petals elliptic, lip 3-lobed, apex slightly concave or nearly round , fringed margins, central hair; stylobate very short.

Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places.

⑾ Xiaomei Dendrobium, also known as: dwarf Dendrobium, black knot grass.

The stem is pseudobulb-shaped, fusiform, 4-7.5 cm high, about 1.5 cm in diameter at the middle, usually 3 nodes, and covered with black long hairs. Leaves 2 to 4, oblong or elliptic sub-oblong, 2 to 5 cm long, 1 to 1.8 cm wide, apex acute, with oblique slightly concave heads. Racemes are born on leafy stems; flowers are white, 1 to 3 flowers, and the total pedicel is 1.8 to 2 cm long; central sepals are elliptic and oblong, both sides are nearly triangular, stamens and broad sacs; petals egg Oblong-shaped, with 3-lobed lip, the central lobe is obcordate, and the two lobes are nearly round;

Distributed in Yunnan.

Characters This product is usually divided into the golden hairpin Dendrobium, the yellow grass Dendrobium, the small yellow grass Dendrobium, the earring Dendrobium and the fresh Dendrobium equivalent species due to different varieties and processing methods.
①Dendrobium golden hairpin

It is a processed product of the plant Dendrobium chinensis. The dry stem is about 20-45 cm long, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, cylindrical at the base, flat-cylindrical in the middle and upper part, the stem nodes are slightly curved to the left and right, the surface is golden yellow and slightly green, shiny, with longitudinal grooves Stripes, nodes are obvious, brown, sometimes the nodes are slightly enlarged, the internodes are about 2.5 to 3 cm long, and gradually shorten upwards. The body is light and dense, easy to break, and the section is almost white with small dark spots scattered. No gas, bitter taste, sticky to chew. Those with long body, golden color, dense texture and luster are preferred.

②Dendrobium yellow grass

It is the processed products of Dendrobium candidum, Luohe Dendrobium, Guangdong Dendrobium, and Dendrobium slender. The dry stem is generally more than 30 cm long, about 3 to 5 mm in diameter, cylindrical, slightly curved, golden yellow and slightly green on the surface, shiny, with deep longitudinal grooves, obvious nodes, about 2 to 3.5 cm long between nodes . The cross-section of the thick section is round, with many angular edges on the edge, forming a gear shape, and there are white dots scattered in the middle. No gas, slightly bitter taste, slightly sticky when chewed. The best ones are uniform, golden yellow and dense.

③ Small yellow grass Dendrobium

It is a processed product of Dendrobium Meihua, Dendrobium Luohe, and Dendrobium fine leaf. Dry stems are generally less than 30 cm long, about 2 to 2 mm in diameter, often curved and coiled into groups, with fine longitudinal texture on the surface, golden yellow and slightly greenish, shiny, internodes about 1 to 1.5 cm long, with a round cross section Shape, slightly powdery. Curly, dense, golden yellow, rich in silty, sweet and cool when chewed, and sticky enough.

④Earrings Dendrobium

Also known as: Fengdou. It is specially processed from the stems of various plants of the genus Dendrobium. (1) Xifengdou, the dry stem is twisted in a spiral or spring shape; generally there are 1 to 4 spiral patterns, about 1 to 1.5 mm in length, about 3 mm in diameter, and the stem base and residual short fibrous roots can be seen at one end, which is called a dragon head. , the other end is the tip of the stem, called "phoenix tail", the surface is yellow-green, with fine longitudinal texture, the nodes are obvious or sometimes not obvious. No gas; tasteless. The ones with thick fat, few swirls, hanging heads, and rich silty are better. According to the different raw materials used, it can be divided into iron maple bucket (made of Dendrobium candidum), copper skin maple bucket (made of fine stem Dendrobium), Yunnan maple bucket (made of Xiaomei Dendrobium) and so on. (2) For round maple buckets, the stems of Dendrobium, such as iron sheets, thin stems, and Xiaomei that are longer than 8 cm, are not suitable for processing into western maple buckets. Cut them into a length of about 5 cm, dry them on a small fire, and twist and roll them at the same time. In a circular shape, like a clockwork spring. (iii) To make a knot, cut off the stem nodes of Dendrobium candidum, and tie them into knots when drying. Commodity maple buckets also include straight maple buckets, gourd buckets, Ikukawa buckets, Guanghuo buckets, etc.

⑤Dendrobium

The stem of Dendrobium Dendrobium is slightly flattened and cylindrical, the base is thin, the diameter is about 1-1.5 cm, the surface is yellow-green, smooth, there are longitudinal edges, the nodes are obvious, there are brown-yellow rings on the nodes, and the base of the nodes is surrounded by Gray membranous leaf sheath, about 1/2 of the length of the internode.

Dendrobium stems of yellow grass type are cylindrical with thick flesh. Common ones are: (1) Dendrobium officinale: the outer skin is black and green, the stem is short and strong, the thickness is uniform, and the nodes are slightly curved; the leaves are melon-shaped, thick, and the leaf sheaths are tightly wrapped in the internodes. It is thick and sticky when chewed, and has a light taste. good quality. (2) Dendrobium with thin stems: The outer skin is yellow-green, the stems are slender and long, the leaves are long and thin, the leaf sheaths are easy to peel off, and the nodes are straight. The chewing stickiness is thin and the taste is weak. Poor quality. (iii) Dendrobium claw: green skin, uneven stem thickness, often thin at both ends, thick in the middle, and long leaves. It has a bitter taste when chewed. The quality is slightly inferior. Fresh Dendrobium is green or yellow-green, plump and juicy, and sticky when chewed.

The above kinds of Dendrobium are mainly produced in Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and Hubei. In addition, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Henan and other places are also produced.

Storage Dry products should be placed in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture; fresh products should be placed in a cool and humid place to prevent freezing.
Chemical composition Dendrobium golden hairpin contains dendrobine, dendrobine amine, dendrobine hypoalkaloid, dendrobium star alkaloid, dendrobium alkaloid, 6-hydroxydendrobium star alkaloid, and still contains mucilage and starch. Dendrobium slender stem contains dendrobine, dendrobine and N-methyl dendrobine (quaternary ammonium salt). Luohe Dendrobium contains Dendrobium Ning alkali.
Processing Dried Dendrobium: Take the dried Dendrobium, soak it in water until it is about 80% transparent, simmer and moisten, remove the residual roots and black branches, cut into sections, knock off the film, and dry in the sun. Fresh Dendrobium: Cut it off before use, rub off the membranous leaf sheath, wash it, and cut it into sections.
"Leigong Paozhi Lun": "Everyone who uses Dendrobium should first remove the soil, soak it in wine overnight, shovel it out, expose it to dry in the middle of the day, but steam it with crispy, from Si to You, and slowly bake it for use."

Meridian: Enters the stomach, lung and kidney meridians.
① "Outline": "Foot Taiyin Spleen, Foot Shaoyin Right Kidney."

② "Leigong Pao Pharmacy Solution": "Into the stomach and kidney meridians."

③ "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Into the foot Yangming, Shaoyin, also start Shaoyin."

④ "Drug Transformation": "Into the three meridians of the lung, kidney and stomach."

Nature and flavor: sweet and slightly salty, cold.
① "Benjing": "Sweet and flat."

② "Wu Pu Materia Medica": "Bian Que: sour. Li Dangzhi: cold."

③ "Don't Record": "Non-toxic."

④ "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica": "flat in nature, sweet and light in taste."

⑤ "Outline": "sweet and slightly salty."

⑥ "Pharmaceutical Transformation": "Bitter taste, cool in nature."

Notice:
 ① "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Lu Ying made it. Evil condensate stone, croton. Fear of stiff silkworm, thunder pill."
② "Baicao Mirror": "Only those with deficiency and heat in the stomach and kidney should take it, and those with deficiency but no fire should not use it."

Functions and indications: Promoting body fluid and benefiting the stomach, clearing away heat and nourishing yin. Treating fever and injuring body fluid, dry mouth and polydipsia, deficiency heat after illness, yin injuring eyes and dark eyes.
① "Benjing": "Mainly in the middle of the injury, remove the paralysis, lower the qi, replenish the five internal organs, strengthen the yin, and thicken the stomach for a long time."

② "Bie Lu": "Reinforces essence, replenishes internal deficiencies, calms stomach qi, grows muscles, removes evil heat and prickly heat on the skin, pains and colds in feet and knees, and resolves fears."

③ "Seng Shen Ji Prescription": "If the capsule is wet and the essence is less, and the urine is left behind, it should be added."

④ "Medicinal Properties": "Reinforces Qi and removes heat. Indicating men's weakness of waist and feet, invigorating yang, removing wind-arthritis of skin and muscles, prolonged cold in bones, depletion, invigorating kidney and accumulating essence, low back pain, nourishing kidney qi, and benefiting power."

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treat the weak and weak, strengthen the muscles and bones, warm the water and dirty, improve the intelligence, calm the stomach qi, and eliminate the deficiency and evil."

⑥ "Materia Medica Yanyi": "Treat stomach deficiency heat."

⑦ "Outline": "Treatment of fever and spontaneous sweating, carbuncle drainage of pus and internal plug."

⑧ "Pharmaceutical Transformation": "Treat lung qi deficiency for a long time, and cough will not stop."

⑨ "Materia Medica Preparation": "Treatment of nocturnal emission and slippery essence."

⑩ "Supplement to the Compendium": "Clear the stomach to remove deficiency and heat, promote body fluid, and have fatigued, and use it instead of tea to appetize and invigorate the spleen. It can calm convulsions and treat wind, relieve phlegm, relieve summer heat, and reduce qi with sweet fragrance."

⑾ "Material Renewal": "regulates stomach qi, clears stomach fire, removes polydipsia in the heart, treats kidney meridian deficiency and heat, calms the nerves and calms panic, relieves night sweats, and can dispel summer heat."

Dosage Oral administration: decoction (Xujiu decoction), 2 to 4 money (0.5 to 1 tael for fresh); boiled paste or into pills or powders.
Compound:
① To treat warm and sweaty, wind-heat turns into fire, fever damages the body fluid, warm malaria tongue coating turns black: fresh Dendrobium 3 money, Forsythia (going to the heart) 3 money, Trichosanthes 2 money, fresh raw land 4 money, Ophiopogon japonicus (going to the heart) Heart) four money, ginseng leaves eight cents. Shuijianbi. (The Method of Clearing Heat and Protecting Jin in "Shi Bing Lun")
②Treatment of Chinese medicine: 5 money for fresh dendrobium, 4 money for plaster of paris, 3 money for Tianhuafen, 4 money for Nansha ginseng, 2 money for Ophiopogon japonicus, 4 money for Yuzhu, 3 money for yam, 3 money for Poria, 1 money for Guangpi, and 1 money for Pinellia sinensis Five cents. Sugar cane three or two, decoction instead of water. ("Medicine Alcohol Shy Yi" Qufan Yangwei Decoction)

③ To treat eyes with shrewdness in daytime, dim at night, and invisible objects, the name is bird eyes: one or two of Dendrobium, Xianlingpi each, and half of Atractylodes (rice swill soaked, cut, roasted). Shang Sanwei, pound Luo Weisan, each serving three money daggers, mixed with hollow rice drink, daily. ("Sanji Zonglu" Dendrobium scattered)

④The healing water is wide and gradually dispersed, faint like fog and dew in the middle, gradually seeing black flowers in the sky, gradually seeing things become two bodies, and the light will not be collected for a long time, and the cataract Shenshui is light green and pale white: Asparagus (baked) ), 2 taels each of ginseng and Poria, 5 taels of five flavors (fried), 7 taels of rabbit silk seeds (wine soaked), 7 taels of dried chrysanthemum, 1 tael of Ophiopogon japonicus, 1 tael of Rehmannia glutinosa, 7 taels of almonds, dried yam, Seven cents each of wolfberry, seven and a half cents of Achyranthes, one tael of Rehmannia glutinosa, Tribulus terrestris, Dendrobium, Cistanche, Chuanxiong, Zhicao, Citrus aurantium (fried with bran), 5 cents each of Qinghaizi, Fangfeng, Coptis chinensis, Cassia Money, half a tael of black rhinoceros horn, and half a tael of antelope horn. For fine powder, refining honey pills, tungzi big. Three to fifty pills per serving, with warm wine and salt soup. ("Original Machine Qiwei" Dendrobium Noctilucent Pills)

Excerpt from "The Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine"

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